Follow every precaution to prevent diarrhoea surge

As temperatures rise, so does the risk of diarrhoea, particularly for young children.

The City of Cape Town’s health department reminds parents and caregivers that simple daily habits can prevent illness and save lives.

The summer heat promotes bacterial growth, increasing cases of childhood diarrhoea and dehydration from November to May, which is the recognised “surge season”.

Dehydration poses particular dangers for babies and young children, prompting healthcare workers to maintain heightened vigilance with staff prepared to deliver urgent care when required.

However, prevention begins at home.

Clean water, regular handwashing and proper food handling remain the most effective safeguards.

Prevention through daily habits:

• use clean, safe water for drinking, cooking and sterilising bottles;

• breastfeed exclusively for the first six months;

• keep food covered and discard leftovers promptly;

• dispose of nappies safely and maintain clean play areas; and

• wash hands thoroughly with soap before food preparation, feeding, and after toilet use or nappy changes.

If diarrhoea occurs, increase fluid intake immediately. Prepare oral rehydration solution at home by dissolving eight level teaspoons of sugar and half a teaspoon of salt in one litre of clean water. Offer small, frequent sips, continuing even if vomiting occurs.

Breastfeeding mothers should continue nursing, as breastmilk provides optimal hydration.

Seek immediate medical attention if the child shows:

• excessive thirst or inability to drink;

• sunken eyes or dry mouth;

• absence of tears when crying;

• drowsiness, weakness, or irritability;

• blood in stool;

• persistent vomiting or diarrhoea exceeding two days; and

• reduced or absent urination

Ensure children receive routine immunisations, particularly Rotarix drops for protection against rotavirus-induced severe diarrhoea.

City Health clinics and its staff members have activated summer surge protocols and are fully equipped to treat dehydration.