Munisipaliteite, veral die kleineres, moet dit oorweeg om \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie-model te implementeer wat hulle kan help om afval volhoubaar te bestuur. Dit behels die hergebruik, herwinning, opknapping en hervervaardiging van afvalprodukte, eerder as om dit net op \u2019n opvullingsterrein te stort. <\/p>\n
\u201cDeur \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie-model deel van hul afvalbestuurspraktyke te maak, kan munisipaliteite hul hulpbron-doeltreffendheid verbeter, werksgeleenthede en nuwe inkomstestrome skep, die bestaan van plaaslike gemeenskappe verbeter en die uitwerking op die omgewing verminder,\u201d s\u00ea dr. Timoteus Kadhila, wat onlangs sy doktorsgraad in openbare en ontwikkelingsbestuur aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch behaal het. <\/p>\n
Kadhila, wat nou \u2019n postdoktorale genoot by die Universiteit van Namibi\u00eb is, het ondersoek ingestel oor hoe die huidige afvalbestuursmodelle van die munisipaliteite van Langebaan in die Wes-Kaap en Swakopmund in Namibi\u00eb binne die konteks van \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie tot die verwesenliking van volhoubare afvalbestuur bydra (omgewing, ekonomies en maatskaplike volhoubaarheid).<\/p>\n
In \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie val die klem op die vermindering van die verbruik van roumateriale, die ontwerp van produkte sodat dit maklik uitmekaar gehaal kan word n\u00e1 gebruik vir hergebruik (eko-ontwerp), die verlenging van die lewensduurte van produkte deur instandhouding en herstel, die gebruik van herwinbare materiale in produkte en die herwinning van roumateriale uit die afvalvloei. <\/p>\n
Kadhila het onderhoude met senior werknemers by die twee munisipaliteite en by private afvalbestuursmaatskappye gevoer. Hy het ook munisipale beleide, prosedures, prosesse, organisatoriese strategie\u00eb en verslae ontleed en stortingsterreine besoek om die munisipaliteite se afvalbestuurspraktyke van nader te bestudeer. <\/p>\n
Volgens Kadhila streef die twee munisipaliteite daarna om afval op \u2019n ge\u00efntegreerde manier te bestuur, bevorder hulle afvalvermyding en die minimalisering van afval, moedig hulle die skeiding van afval aan en fasiliteer hulle die herleiding van herwinbare en herbruikbare afval weg van die opvullingsterrein af. <\/p>\n
\u201cHulle het egter nog nie \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie-model deel van hul afvalbestuurstelsel gemaak nie. Hulle volg nog \u2019n lini\u00eare ekonomie-model, met opvulling as die oorheersende metode om van afval ontslae te raak.<\/p>\n
\u201cWanneer \u2019n plastiekhouer, kinderspeelgoed, verpakkingsmateriaal, ensovoorts nie meer nodig is nie, word dit by opvullingsterreine gestort.\u201d<\/p>\n
Kadhila wys daarop dat die meeste munisipaliteite in Suid-Afrika en Namibi\u00eb nog nie \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie as deel van hul afvalbestuurspraktyke ge\u00efmplementeer het nie.<\/p>\n
Hy het \u2019n raamwerk ontwikkel wat die munisipaliteite van Langebaan en Swakopmund \u2013 of enige ander klein munisipaliteit wat sy afvalbestuur wil verbeter \u2013 kan gebruik om \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie-model as deel van hul afvalbestuurspraktyke te implementeer. Hierdie raamwerk beklemtoon sleutelaspekte soos koste, komitees wat \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie kan ko\u00f6rdineer, afvalskeiding, groenmarksentrums en die opvoeding en opleiding van plaaslike gemeenskappe oor afvalskeiding. <\/p>\n
Hy s\u00ea koste is een van die grootste hindernisse in die implementering van \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie. <\/p>\n
\u201cDaarom moet \u2019n jaarlikse begroting wat die regering (40%), munisipaliteit (40%) en sleutelbelanghebbers (20%) gesamentlik finansier, voorgel\u00ea word om die sake van die raamwerk suksesvol te bestuur. Die begroting moet voorsiening maak vir die aanstel van ko\u00f6rdineringskomitees wat kan verseker dat sirkel-ekonomiese aktiwiteite toegepas word by bronne wat afval skep. <\/p>\n
\u201cDie komitee moet verantwoordelik wees vir die opstel van die begroting, die bepaling van die koste vir die implementering van die sirkel-ekonomie en vir die voorlegging daarvan vir goedkeuring aan die toepaslike belanghebbers.\u201d<\/p>\n
Kadhila beklemtoon ook dat die skeiding van afval uiters belangrik is. <\/p>\n
\u201cAfval wat redelik beskikbaar is vir hergebruik, moet teruggeplaas word in verbruik.<\/p>\n
\u201cAfval wat moontlik hergebruik kan word, moet herwin, herstel en hervervaardig word en in paslike produkte soos stoele, koppies, tafels, ensovoorts omskep word.<\/p>\n
\u201cHierdie produkte kan teen bekostigbare pryse aan die plaaslike inwoners by groenmarksentrums verkoop word. Slegs klein hoeveelhede oorblyfsels wat nie herwin word nie, kan verbrand word om elektrisiteit vir die armes op te wek.\u201d<\/p>\n
Volgens Kadhila kan die raamwerk help om zero-afval-stede en -dorpe te skep aangesien afvalskepping ten volle deur \u2019n 100%-afvalskeidingsteiken geko\u00f6rdineer sal word. <\/p>\n
Hy s\u00ea beleidsmakers kan die voorgestelde raamwerk gebruik om bestaande reguleringsinstrumente te hersien ten einde die oorskakeling na \u2019n sirkel-sakemodel vir afvalbestuur te bevorder. <\/p>\n
\u201cDie sirkel-ekonomie word al hoe gewilder as \u2019n dryfkrag vir omgewings-, ekonomiese en maatskaplike volhoubaarheid, hoewel meer beleggings en doeltreffender oorsigbestuur in die meeste gevalle nodig is om belowende innovasies uit te brei.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Munisipaliteite, veral die kleineres, moet dit oorweeg om \u2019n sirkel-ekonomie-model te implementeer wat hulle kan help om afval volhoubaar te bestuur. Dit behels die hergebruik, herwinning, opknapping en hervervaardiging van afvalprodukte, eerder as 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