{"id":55488,"date":"2019-10-02T14:43:32","date_gmt":"2019-10-02T12:43:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/novanews.co.za\/eikestadnuus\/how-climate-change-will-impact-moths-butterflies-20191002\/"},"modified":"2025-03-20T00:50:01","modified_gmt":"2025-03-19T22:50:01","slug":"how-climate-change-will-impact-moths-butterflies-20191002","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/novanews.co.za\/eikestadnuus\/how-climate-change-will-impact-moths-butterflies-20191002\/","title":{"rendered":"How climate change will impact moths, butterflies"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n
\"butterflies\"

<\/p>\n

Climate change will have an enormous impact on species of moths and butterflies.<\/div>\n
<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

In coming decades, shifts in temperature and rainfall patterns because of climate change will significantly influence where and in what numbers African species of moths and butterflies are to be found. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is according to a study completed at Stellenbosch University\u2019s Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology in South Africa, in the journal Ecological Modelling. It shows that some species found in more temperate regions might experience a 72% reduction in the areas that they are able to survive. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the paper, lead author Dr Madeleine Barton puts forward a new process-based model that other researchers studying the effects of climatic changes on African butterflies and moths can readily use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study was conceptualised and completed while Barton was still a postdoctoral researcher of the Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology in the Faculty of AgriSciences at Stellenbosch University (SU). It was conducted in collaboration with Prof John Terblanche of the SU Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, and a former SU colleague, Prof Brent Sinclair, in the Department of Biology at Western University in Canada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCompared to other regions of the world, we still know very little about how African species of Lepidoptera (which includes butterflies and moths) will respond to climate change,\u201d notes Terblanche, whose research focuses on the impact that climate change has on the distribution and population lifecycles of agricultural pets and disease-carrying insects such as tsetse flies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He adds: \u201cThe study of insects is important, because the agricultural sector is worried about how climatic changes will affect the distribution of known insect pests and others that pollinate crops. Ultimately, it influences our food security. Many insect species also carry diseases, and an expansion in their abundance or geographic range could have health implications for people.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to Terblanche, the process-based climatic prediction model that Barton developed is the first climatic model specifically designed to incorporate how rainfall might interact with temperature to make more realistic predictions about the future of African butterflies and moths. Similar models have been developed for species from other regions of the world, such as Europe, North America and Asia. Barton\u2019s model is open source and free to use by other scientists who have physiological and distribution data about African species available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barton\u2019s model not only considers possible future temperature changes, but also the impact that changing rainfall patterns and droughts could have on insects. It was tested under current climatic conditions, as well those predicted by the year 2050. The model was also put through its paces using data about the physiology and sensitivity to temperature and water availability of two endemic African species: Busseola fusca is a well-known agricultural pest affecting food security, while Bicyclus anynana is a well-studied butterfly. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cFor more accurate predictions, it is better to include temperature changes along with the availability of water, because these elements influence the survival of species in different ways. The distribution and population performance of an insect across the continent under climate change will depend on its physiological ability to tolerate specific conditions,\u201d explains Barton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The researchers found that in some cases, higher temperatures and changing rainfall patterns could decrease the distribution of some African butterfly and moth species currently widely found across the continent by up to 72%. The range of species of others such as the potentially damaging maize stem borer (Chilo partellus) that do not stand higher temperatures well, could shrink by half. Species sensitive to cooler temperatures and dry conditions might see a range expansion if temperatures rise and rain falls more often. Species in the northern parts of Africa are predicted to move towards coastal and higher lying areas to escape the evolving harsh climates, while the range of those in the southern parts of Africa are likely to shrink.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhen we look only at temperature, it seems that species in the tropics are most sensitive to climate change. However, when using our models, it shows that these impacts also extend to temperate regions, especially when precipitation patterns change,\u201d explains Sinclair. \u201cThese interactions between extreme temperatures and drought in the future could have big effects on insects in Africa and elsewhere.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Climate change will have an enormous impact on species of moths and butterflies. In coming decades, shifts in temperature and rainfall patterns because of climate change will significantly influence where 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