South Africa’s high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun places its people at a greater risk of developing skin cancer. The most significant types are melanoma skin cancer, and basal cell and squamous cell cancer – categorised as non-melanoma cancers.
“Non-melanoma cancers can usually be treated successfully if detected early. Melanoma, however, is more serious because it has a tendency to spread.
“It can develop within a mole you already have on your skin or appear suddenly as a dark spot on the skin that looks different from the rest,” explain Dr Ayesha Omar, a dermatologist practising at the Netcare Linksfield Hospital.
She encourages people to consult a dermatologist if they notice any suspicious mole or inexplicable blemishes. Blemishes should be checked by a dermatologist for potential abnormality.
It is important to visit your dermatologist if you answer “yes” to any of the following:
- for asymmetry – is one side of the mole bigger or a different shape from the other?
- for border – is the outline of the mole irregular?
- for colours – does the mole have multiple colours or shades?
- for diameter – is the mole larger than six mm in diameter or rapidly growing?
- for evolution – has the mole changed? Is it bleeding or itchy?
Sun facts
- South Africa’s average UV index is often extreme.
- Avoid the sun between 10:00 am and 15:00.
- UV damage can still occur in the shade, underwater, and on cloudy days.
- Radiation from childhood sun exposure can cause skin cancer in later life.
Sun barriers
- Wear a wide-brimmed hat;
- Use a parasol, umbrella, or wrap to shade yourself from the sun;
- choose items endorsed by CANSA;
- sun sleeves and clothing can help limit sun exposure; and
- talk to your optometrist about UV protection in your choice of glasses or sunglasses.
“Non-melanoma cancers can usually be treated successfully if detected early. Melanoma, however, is more serious because it has a tendency to spread.”
– Dr Ayesha Omar
